Without solving this problem, or the problems that are created by various solutions to this problem, I think there isn’t much to gain from iterating on the rest of it.
Either the target you can direct capital to is centrally chosen (permissioned), or people can point their share wherever they want (free rider problem reintroduced), or you have some other game for capital allocation that is exploitable (form varies by implementation).
I am not aware of any solution to this, and it is why Ethereum (and other blockchains) haven’t done this sort of thing in the past. I would love to see someone solve this problem, but without a solution to this I think we will remain stuck where we are, with no public goods funding.